26766 - Physiology III
Compulsory
5.1. Methodological overview
The methodology followed in this course is oriented towards achievement of the learning objectives. It favors the acquisition of knowledge related to Physiology. A wide range of teaching and learning tasks are implemented, such as lectures, practice sessions, and assignments.
Students are expected to participate actively in the class throughout the semester.
Classroom materials will be available via Moodle. These include a repository of the lecture notes used in class, the course syllabus, as well as other course-specific learning materials.
Further information regarding the course will be provided on the first day of class.
5.2. Learning tasks
The course includes 6 ECTS organized according to:
- Lectures (1,6 ECTS): 40 hours.
- Practice sessions (0,52 ECTS): 13 hours.
- Assignments (0,24 ECTS): 6 hours.
- Autonomous work (3,6 ECTS): 90 hours.
5.3. Syllabus
Theoretical program:
The cardiovascular system
1. Functional properties of the myocardium. Electrical activity of the heart.
2. Cardiac cycle: periods. Atrial, ventricular, and arterial pressures. Heart sounds.
3. Physiological basis of the electrocardiogram. Waves, vectors and complexes. Normal values, and more frequent abnormalities.
4. Cardiac output. Extrinsic and intrinsic cardiac activity control.
5. General functions of the circulatory system.
6. Biophysics Circulation: Hemodynamics: volume, flow, pressure and resistance in the circulatory system. Reynolds number.Distensibility and vascular capacitance.
7. Biophysics of Circulation: Circulation in arteries and arterioles. Hemodynamics. Hagen-Poiseuille Law. Blood pressures. Periodic phenomena: Pulse wave. Blood viscosity.
8. Microcirculation: capillary-interstitial-lymphoid nodes. Exchange capillary dynamics. Lymphatic circulation. Edema.
9. Circulation in the venous system. Venous return. Central venous pressure.
10. Regulation of blood flow. Nervous and humoral mechanisms. Role of nitric oxide in the control of blood flow.
11. Regulation of blood pressure. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors. Humoral regulation. Renal regulation.
12. Coronary circulation.
13. Splanchnic circulation. Muscular circulation.
Respiration
14. Pulmonary circulation.
15. Functional structure of the respiratory system. Functions of the pleura and pleural fluid.
16. Respiratory cycle. Respiratory types. Lung volumes and airflow. Alveolar ventilation. Ventilation-perfusion ratio
17. Respiratory mechanics. Respiratory muscles. Thoracic pressures.
18. Static and dynamic resistances of the respiratory system. Surfactant.
19. Gas exchange through the respiratory membrane
20. Blood gas transport
21. Control of breathing
The gastrointestinal system
22. Estructural features of the gastrointestinal system and its accessory structuresç
23. Neural and hormonal mechanisms in the gastrointestinal system
24. Motility in the gastrointestinal system
25. Salivary secretion and digestion
26. Gastric secretion and digestion
27. Exocrine pancreatic secretion and digestion
28. Biliary secretion
29. Intestinal secretion and digestión
30. Intestinal absorption. Faeces
Laboratory practice program
1. Cardiac and pulmonary auscultation. Arterial pressure and pulse rate
2. Registration and basic interpretation of the electrocardiogram
3. Physiological basis of cardiopulmonary resuscitation
4. Cardiac ultrasound
5. Cardiovascular and respiratory adaptations to exercise
6. Cardiovascular simulation
7. Spirometry
8. Acid-base balance
9. Supervised work